Šiame skyriuje bus aptariamas loginis NOT (!) operatorius C programavimo kalba. Kaip jau žinome, loginis operatorius naudojamas loginei operacijai atlikti sujungiant dvi ar daugiau pateiktų išraiškų sąlygų. Jei operandų loginės sąlygos yra teisingos, operatorius grąžina tikrąsias Būlio reikšmes arba 1. Priešingu atveju jis grąžina klaidingą Būlio reikšmę arba 0. Loginiai operatoriai skirstomi į tris dalis: Loginiai AND, loginiai ARBA ir loginiai NOT operatoriai.
The loginis IR operatorius naudojamas dviejų ar daugiau likusių operandų sąlygų teisingumui tam tikroje išraiškoje patikrinti; operatorius IR grąžina tikrąją arba nulinę (1) reikšmę. Kitu atveju jis grąžina klaidingą arba 0 reikšmę. Taigi, galime sakyti, kad loginis IR operatorius gali veikti tik reiškinyje, kai abiejų operandų sąlygos yra teisingos, o jei kuri nors sąlyga nėra teisinga, ji grąžina 0. Loginis AND operatorius vaizduojamas kaip dvigubas ampersando „&&“ simbolis.
Sintaksė:
(A > b && b > c)
The loginis ARBA operatorius naudojamas abiejų operandų (A ir B) sąlygoms patikrinti, o jei vienas iš operandų ar išraiškų yra teisingas, operatorius grąžina tikrą Būlio reikšmę. Panašiai, jei nė viena iš išraiškų nėra teisinga, ji grąžina klaidingą arba nulinę reikšmę. Loginis OR operatorius pažymėtas kaip dvigubas vamzdis „||“ simbolis.
Sintaksė:
(A > B) || (A <c) < pre> <h3>Logical NOT operator</h3> <p>The logical NOT operator is represented as the '!' symbol, which is used to reverse the result of any given expression or condition. If the result of an expression is non-zero or true, the result will be reversed as zero or false value. Similarly, if the condition's result is false or 0, the NOT operator reverses the result and returns 1 or true.</p> <p>For example, suppose the user enters a non-zero value is 5, the logical NOT (!) operator returns the 0 or false Boolean value. And if the user enters a zero (0) value, the operator returns the true Boolean value or 1. </p> <p> <strong>Syntax of the logical NOT operator</strong> </p> <pre> ! (condition); // It '!' represents the NOT operator </pre> <p>Here, the '!' symbol represents the logical NOT operator, which inverses the result of the given condition.</p> <h3>The truth table of the logical NOT operator:</h3> <p>Following is the truth table of the logical not operator in C</p> <pre> condition !(condition) 1 0 0 1 </pre> <h3>Example 1: Program to use the logical NOT operator in C</h3> <p>Let's create a simple program to reverse the given condition of the operands in the C programming language.</p> <pre> /* demonstration the use of the logical not operator in C. */ #include #include int main () { // declare an initialize x variable int x = 5; // display the result generated using the NOT (!) operator printf (' The return value = %d
', ! (x == 5)); printf (' The return value = %d
', ! (x != 5)); printf (' The return value = %d
', ! (x >= 3)); printf (' The return value = %d
', ! (x <3)); return 0; } < pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> The return value = 0 The return value = 1 The return value = 0 The return value = 1 </pre> <p>In the above program, we use the NOT (!) operator to reverse the result of the various expression, such as the condition of the variable x is equal to 5, which is true. Still, the NOT operator reverses the result and returns 0. Similarly, we defined the condition (x!=5), but the logical operator changed its result and returned 1 and so on.</p> <h3>Example 2: Program to input a number to perform the logical NOT operator</h3> <p>Let's create a simple program to get the reverse result of an integer number using the logical NOT (!) operator in the C programming language.</p> <pre> /* demonstration the use of the logical not operator in C. */ #include #include int main () { // declare an initialize x variable int x, n; printf (' Enter the number: '); scanf ('%d', &x); n = !x; // use logical not operator to reverse the condition printf (' The result of x: %d', n); // display the result return 0; } </pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> Enter the number: 7 The result of x: 0 </pre> <p>In the above program, we input an integer number 7 from the user and store it into x variable. After that, the logical NOT (!) operator reverses the value of x (non-zero) and returns zero (0) to print the result of x.</p> <p> <strong>2<sup>nd</sup> execution:</strong> </p> <pre> Enter the number: 0 The result of x: 1 </pre> <p>Similarly, we input zero (0) from the user and use the logical NOT (!) operator to reverse the value of x to a non-zero value, which is 1.</p> <h3>Example 3: Program to find the leap year using the logical AND (&&), OR (||), and NOT (!) operator</h3> <p>Let's write a simple program to check whether the given year is a leap or not using the logical AND (&&), logical OR (||), and the logical NOT (!) operator in the C language.</p> <pre> #include #include int main () { int yr; // declare int type variable printf (' Enter the year: '); scanf ('%d', &yr); // use the if..else statement to check the condition /* '&&' (AND) operator to validate both operand, '||' (OR) operator check ny given expressions are true, '!' (NOT) check the result of (yr % 100 != 0). */ if ( (yr % 400 == 0) || (yr % 4 == 0 && yr % 100 != 0)) { printf (' %d is a leap year.
', yr); } else { printf (' %d is not a leap year.
', yr); } return 0; } </pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> Enter the year: 2020 2020 is a leap year. </pre> <p>In the above program, we enter 2020 and then check the given year by defining the if...else statement. In this statement, we defined two conditions;</p> <ol class="points"> <li>The given year is divided by 400, which is equal to 0. And then, we use the logical OR operator to check whether the left or right operand condition is true.</li> <li>In the second condition, the given year is divided by 4 and 100. But when we divide 2020 with 4, which is equal to 0. Similarly, we divide the year 2020 by 100, which is also not equal to 0. So, both the conditions are true that display the '2020 is a leap year'.</li> <li>But when we enter the year 2021, it prints the given result '2021 is not a leap year'.</li> </ol> <p> <strong>2<sup>nd</sup> execution:</strong> </p> <pre> Enter the year: 2021 2021 is not a leap year. </pre> <p> <strong>Example 4: Program to check different conditions using the AND, OR, and the NOT logical operator</strong> </p> <p>Let's write a program to demonstrate the multiple conditions of the given operands using the AND, OR, and the NOT logical operator in C.</p> <pre> /* program to check the various condition using the logical NOT operator in c. */ #include #include int main () { // declare and initialize variables int a = 20, b = 15; int n1 = 15, n2 = 17; // use logical 'AND' and logical 'NOT' operator if (a > b && a != 0) { printf (' The AND (&&) operator said: Both conditions are true.
'); } // use logical 'OR' and logical 'NOT' operator if (n1 > n2 || n2 != 15) if ( ! (a > b && a != 0 )) { printf (' The NOT (!) operator: Here both conditions are true.
'); } else { printf (' The NOT (!) operator: Here, both conditions are true. ' ' But, the status of the condition is reversed as false.
'); } return 0; } </pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> The AND (&&) operator is said: Both conditions are true. The OR (||) operator is said: Only one condition is true. The NOT (!) operator: Here, both conditions are true. But, the status of the condition is reversed as false. </pre> <hr></3));></pre></c)> Štai „! simbolis reiškia loginį NOT operatorių, kuris apverčia pateiktos sąlygos rezultatą.
Loginio NOT operatoriaus tiesos lentelė:
Toliau pateikiama loginio ne operatoriaus tiesos lentelė C
condition !(condition) 1 0 0 1
1 pavyzdys: Programa, skirta naudoti loginį NOT operatorių C
Sukurkime paprastą programą, kuri pakeistų nurodytą operandų sąlygą C programavimo kalba.
/* demonstration the use of the logical not operator in C. */ #include #include int main () { // declare an initialize x variable int x = 5; // display the result generated using the NOT (!) operator printf (' The return value = %d
', ! (x == 5)); printf (' The return value = %d
', ! (x != 5)); printf (' The return value = %d
', ! (x >= 3)); printf (' The return value = %d
', ! (x <3)); return 0; } < pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> The return value = 0 The return value = 1 The return value = 0 The return value = 1 </pre> <p>In the above program, we use the NOT (!) operator to reverse the result of the various expression, such as the condition of the variable x is equal to 5, which is true. Still, the NOT operator reverses the result and returns 0. Similarly, we defined the condition (x!=5), but the logical operator changed its result and returned 1 and so on.</p> <h3>Example 2: Program to input a number to perform the logical NOT operator</h3> <p>Let's create a simple program to get the reverse result of an integer number using the logical NOT (!) operator in the C programming language.</p> <pre> /* demonstration the use of the logical not operator in C. */ #include #include int main () { // declare an initialize x variable int x, n; printf (' Enter the number: '); scanf ('%d', &x); n = !x; // use logical not operator to reverse the condition printf (' The result of x: %d', n); // display the result return 0; } </pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> Enter the number: 7 The result of x: 0 </pre> <p>In the above program, we input an integer number 7 from the user and store it into x variable. After that, the logical NOT (!) operator reverses the value of x (non-zero) and returns zero (0) to print the result of x.</p> <p> <strong>2<sup>nd</sup> execution:</strong> </p> <pre> Enter the number: 0 The result of x: 1 </pre> <p>Similarly, we input zero (0) from the user and use the logical NOT (!) operator to reverse the value of x to a non-zero value, which is 1.</p> <h3>Example 3: Program to find the leap year using the logical AND (&&), OR (||), and NOT (!) operator</h3> <p>Let's write a simple program to check whether the given year is a leap or not using the logical AND (&&), logical OR (||), and the logical NOT (!) operator in the C language.</p> <pre> #include #include int main () { int yr; // declare int type variable printf (' Enter the year: '); scanf ('%d', &yr); // use the if..else statement to check the condition /* '&&' (AND) operator to validate both operand, '||' (OR) operator check ny given expressions are true, '!' (NOT) check the result of (yr % 100 != 0). */ if ( (yr % 400 == 0) || (yr % 4 == 0 && yr % 100 != 0)) { printf (' %d is a leap year.
', yr); } else { printf (' %d is not a leap year.
', yr); } return 0; } </pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> Enter the year: 2020 2020 is a leap year. </pre> <p>In the above program, we enter 2020 and then check the given year by defining the if...else statement. In this statement, we defined two conditions;</p> <ol class="points"> <li>The given year is divided by 400, which is equal to 0. And then, we use the logical OR operator to check whether the left or right operand condition is true.</li> <li>In the second condition, the given year is divided by 4 and 100. But when we divide 2020 with 4, which is equal to 0. Similarly, we divide the year 2020 by 100, which is also not equal to 0. So, both the conditions are true that display the '2020 is a leap year'.</li> <li>But when we enter the year 2021, it prints the given result '2021 is not a leap year'.</li> </ol> <p> <strong>2<sup>nd</sup> execution:</strong> </p> <pre> Enter the year: 2021 2021 is not a leap year. </pre> <p> <strong>Example 4: Program to check different conditions using the AND, OR, and the NOT logical operator</strong> </p> <p>Let's write a program to demonstrate the multiple conditions of the given operands using the AND, OR, and the NOT logical operator in C.</p> <pre> /* program to check the various condition using the logical NOT operator in c. */ #include #include int main () { // declare and initialize variables int a = 20, b = 15; int n1 = 15, n2 = 17; // use logical 'AND' and logical 'NOT' operator if (a > b && a != 0) { printf (' The AND (&&) operator said: Both conditions are true.
'); } // use logical 'OR' and logical 'NOT' operator if (n1 > n2 || n2 != 15) if ( ! (a > b && a != 0 )) { printf (' The NOT (!) operator: Here both conditions are true.
'); } else { printf (' The NOT (!) operator: Here, both conditions are true. ' ' But, the status of the condition is reversed as false.
'); } return 0; } </pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> The AND (&&) operator is said: Both conditions are true. The OR (||) operator is said: Only one condition is true. The NOT (!) operator: Here, both conditions are true. But, the status of the condition is reversed as false. </pre> <hr></3));> Aukščiau pateiktoje programoje mes naudojame operatorių NOT (!) norėdami pakeisti įvairių išraiškų rezultatą, pvz., kintamojo x sąlyga yra lygi 5, o tai tiesa. Visgi, operatorius NOT apverčia rezultatą ir grąžina 0. Panašiai apibrėžėme sąlygą (x!=5), tačiau loginis operatorius pakeitė rezultatą ir grąžino 1 ir pan.
2 pavyzdys: Programa įvesti skaičių, kad būtų atliktas loginis NOT operatorius
Sukurkime paprastą programą, kad gautume atvirkštinį sveikojo skaičiaus rezultatą, naudodami loginį NOT (!) operatorių C programavimo kalba.
/* demonstration the use of the logical not operator in C. */ #include #include int main () { // declare an initialize x variable int x, n; printf (' Enter the number: '); scanf ('%d', &x); n = !x; // use logical not operator to reverse the condition printf (' The result of x: %d', n); // display the result return 0; } Išvestis:
Enter the number: 7 The result of x: 0
Aukščiau pateiktoje programoje mes įvedame sveikąjį skaičių 7 iš vartotojo ir išsaugome jį x kintamajame. Po to loginis NOT (!) operatorius apverčia x reikšmę (ne nuliui) ir grąžina nulį (0), kad išspausdintų x rezultatą.
2ndvykdymas:
Enter the number: 0 The result of x: 1
Panašiai mes įvedame nulį (0) iš vartotojo ir naudojame loginį NOT (!) operatorių, kad pakeistume x reikšmę į ne nulį, kuri yra 1.
3 pavyzdys: programa, skirta rasti keliamuosius metus naudojant loginį AND (&&), OR (||) ir NOT (!) operatorių
Parašykime paprastą programą, kad patikrintume, ar duoti metai yra šuolis, ar ne, naudodami C kalbos loginį AND (&&), loginį ARBA (||) ir loginį NOT (!) operatorių.
#include #include int main () { int yr; // declare int type variable printf (' Enter the year: '); scanf ('%d', &yr); // use the if..else statement to check the condition /* '&&' (AND) operator to validate both operand, '||' (OR) operator check ny given expressions are true, '!' (NOT) check the result of (yr % 100 != 0). */ if ( (yr % 400 == 0) || (yr % 4 == 0 && yr % 100 != 0)) { printf (' %d is a leap year.
', yr); } else { printf (' %d is not a leap year.
', yr); } return 0; } Išvestis:
Enter the year: 2020 2020 is a leap year.
Aukščiau pateiktoje programoje įvedame 2020 m., tada patikriname nurodytus metus, apibrėždami if...else teiginį. Šiame teiginyje apibrėžėme dvi sąlygas;
- Pateikti metai dalijami iš 400, o tai lygu 0. Tada mes naudojame loginį OR operatorių, kad patikrintume, ar kairiojo ar dešiniojo operando sąlyga yra teisinga.
- Antroje sąlygoje duoti metai dalijami iš 4 ir 100. Bet kai 2020 metus padalijame iš 4, kuris yra lygus 0. Panašiai dalijame 2020 metus iš 100, kuris taip pat nėra lygus 0. Taigi, abu sąlygos yra teisingos, kad rodyti „2020 yra keliamieji metai“.
- Bet kai įvedame 2021 metus, išspausdinamas gautas rezultatas „2021 nėra keliamieji metai“.
2ndvykdymas:
Enter the year: 2021 2021 is not a leap year.
4 pavyzdys: Programa, skirta patikrinti skirtingas sąlygas naudojant AND, ARBA ir NOT loginį operatorių
Parašykime programą, kuri parodytų kelias duotų operandų sąlygas, naudodami AND, ARBA ir NOT loginį operatorių C.
/* program to check the various condition using the logical NOT operator in c. */ #include #include int main () { // declare and initialize variables int a = 20, b = 15; int n1 = 15, n2 = 17; // use logical 'AND' and logical 'NOT' operator if (a > b && a != 0) { printf (' The AND (&&) operator said: Both conditions are true.
'); } // use logical 'OR' and logical 'NOT' operator if (n1 > n2 || n2 != 15) if ( ! (a > b && a != 0 )) { printf (' The NOT (!) operator: Here both conditions are true.
'); } else { printf (' The NOT (!) operator: Here, both conditions are true. ' ' But, the status of the condition is reversed as false.
'); } return 0; } Išvestis:
The AND (&&) operator is said: Both conditions are true. The OR (||) operator is said: Only one condition is true. The NOT (!) operator: Here, both conditions are true. But, the status of the condition is reversed as false.