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Šiame skyriuje sužinome apie skirtingus būdus, kaip ištrinti pasikartojančias eilutes MySQL ir Oracle . Jei SQL lentelėje yra pasikartojančių eilučių, tada turime pašalinti pasikartojančias eilutes.

Pavyzdinių duomenų ruošimas

Scenarijus sukuria lentelę pavadinimu kontaktai .

 DROP TABLE IF EXISTS contacts; CREATE TABLE contacts ( id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, first_name VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL, last_name VARCHAR(25) NOT NULL, email VARCHAR(210) NOT NULL, age VARCHAR(22) NOT NULL ); 

Į aukščiau pateiktą lentelę įtraukėme šiuos duomenis.

 INSERT INTO contacts (first_name,last_name,email,age) VALUES ('Kavin','Peterson','[email protected]','21'), ('Nick','Jonas','[email protected]','18'), ('Peter','Heaven','[email protected]','23'), ('Michal','Jackson','[email protected]','22'), ('Sean','Bean','[email protected]','23'), ('Tom ','Baker','[email protected]','20'), ('Ben','Barnes','[email protected]','17'), ('Mischa ','Barton','[email protected]','18'), ('Sean','Bean','[email protected]','16'), ('Eliza','Bennett','[email protected]','25'), ('Michal','Krane','[email protected]','25'), ('Peter','Heaven','[email protected]','20'), ('Brian','Blessed','[email protected]','20'); ('Kavin','Peterson','[email protected]','30'), 

Vykdome scenarijų, kad iš naujo sukurtume bandymo duomenis po a IŠTRINTI pareiškimas .

Užklausa pateikia duomenis iš kontaktų lentelės:

 SELECT * FROM contacts ORDER BY email; 

Ši SQL užklausa grąžina pasikartojančius el. laiškus iš kontaktų lentelės:

apurva padgaonkar

 SELECT email, COUNT(email) FROM contacts GROUP BY email HAVING COUNT (email) > 1; 

Mes turime tris eilutes su dublikatas laiškus.

(A) Ištrinkite pasikartojančias eilutes naudodami DELETE JOIN teiginį

 DELETE t1 FROM contacts t1 INNERJOIN contacts t2 WHERE t1.id <t2.id and t1.email="t2.email;" < pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <pre> Query OK, three rows affected (0.10 sec) </pre> <p>Three rows had been deleted. We execute the query, given below to finds the <strong>duplicate emails</strong> from the table.</p> <pre> SELECT email, COUNT (email) FROM contacts GROUP BY email HAVING COUNT (email) &gt; 1; </pre> <p>The query returns the empty set. To verify the data from the contacts table, execute the following SQL query:</p> <pre> SELECT * FROM contacts; </pre> <br> <table class="table"> <tr> <td>id</td> <td>first_name</td> <td>last_name</td> <td>Email</td> <td>age</td> </tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td>Ben</td> <td>Barnes</td> <td> [email protected] </td> <td>21</td> </tr> <tr> <td>13</td> <td>Brian</td> <td>Blessed</td> <td> [email protected] </td> <td>18</td> </tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td>Eliza</td> <td>Bennett</td> <td> [email protected] </td> <td>23</td> </tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>Kavin</td> <td>Peterson</td> <td> [email protected] </td> <td>22</td> </tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td>Mischa</td> <td>Barton</td> <td> [email protected] </td> <td>20</td> </tr> <tr> <td>11</td> <td>Micha</td> <td>Krane</td> <td> [email protected] </td> <td>17</td> </tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td>Michal</td> <td>Jackson</td> <td> [email protected] </td> <td>18</td> </tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>Nick</td> <td>Jonas</td> <td> [email protected] </td> <td>16</td> </tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td>Peter</td> <td>Heaven</td> <td> [email protected] </td> <td>25</td> </tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>Sean</td> <td>Bean</td> <td> [email protected] </td> <td>20</td> </tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td>Tom</td> <td>Baker</td> <td> [email protected] </td> <td>30</td> </tr> </table> <p>The rows <strong>id&apos;s 9, 12, and 14</strong> have been deleted. We use the below statement to delete the duplicate rows:</p> <p>Execute the script for <strong>creating</strong> the contact.</p> <pre> DELETE c1 FROM contacts c1 INNERJ OIN contacts c2 WHERE c1.id &gt; c2.id AND c1.email = c2.email; </pre> <br> <table class="table"> <tr> <td>id</td> <td>first_name</td> <td>last_name</td> <td>email</td> <td>age</td> </tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>Ben</td> <td>Barnes</td> <td> [email protected] </td> <td>21</td> </tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td> <strong>Kavin</strong> </td> <td> <strong>Peterson</strong></td> <td> <strong> [email protected] </strong> </td> <td> <strong>22</strong> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td>Brian</td> <td>Blessed</td> <td> [email protected] </td> <td>18</td> </tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td>Nick</td> <td>Jonas</td> <td> [email protected] </td> <td>16</td> </tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>Michal</td> <td>Krane</td> <td> [email protected] </td> <td>17</td> </tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td>Eliza</td> <td>Bennett</td> <td> [email protected] </td> <td>23</td> </tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td>Michal</td> <td>Jackson</td> <td> [email protected] </td> <td>18</td> </tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td> <strong>Sean</strong> </td> <td> <strong>Bean</strong> </td> <td> <strong> [email protected] </strong> </td> <td> <strong>20</strong> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td>Mischa</td> <td>Barton</td> <td> [email protected] </td> <td>20</td> </tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td> <strong>Peter</strong> </td> <td> <strong>Heaven</strong> </td> <td> <strong> [email protected] </strong> </td> <td> <strong>25</strong> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>11</td> <td>Tom</td> <td>Baker</td> <td> [email protected] </td> <td>30</td> </tr> </table> <h2>(B) Delete duplicate rows using an intermediate table</h2> <p>To delete a duplicate row by using the intermediate table, follow the steps given below:</p> <p> <strong>Step 1</strong> . Create a new table <strong>structure</strong> , same as the real table:</p> <pre> CREATE TABLE source_copy LIKE source; </pre> <p> <strong>Step 2</strong> . Insert the distinct rows from the original schedule of the database:</p> <pre> INSERT INTO source_copy SELECT * FROM source GROUP BY col; </pre> <p> <strong>Step 3</strong> . Drop the original table and rename the immediate table to the original one.</p> <pre> DROP TABLE source; ALTER TABLE source_copy RENAME TO source; </pre> <p>For example, the following statements delete the <strong>rows</strong> with <strong>duplicate</strong> emails from the contacts table:</p> <pre> -- step 1 CREATE TABLE contacts_temp LIKE contacts; -- step 2 INSERT INTO contacts_temp SELECT * FROM contacts GROUP BY email; -- step 3 DROP TABLE contacts; ALTER TABLE contacts_temp RENAME TO contacts; </pre> <h2>(C) Delete duplicate rows using the ROW_NUMBER() Function</h2> <h4>Note: The ROW_NUMBER() function has been supported since MySQL version 8.02, so we should check our MySQL version before using the function.</h4> <p>The following statement uses the <strong>ROW_NUMBER ()</strong> to assign a sequential integer to every row. If the email is duplicate, the row will higher than one.</p> <pre> SELECT id, email, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY email ORDER BY email ) AS row_num FROM contacts; </pre> <p>The following SQL query returns <strong>id list</strong> of the duplicate rows:</p> <pre> SELECT id FROM (SELECT id, ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( PARTITION BY email ORDER BY email) AS row_num FROM contacts ) t WHERE row_num&gt; 1; </pre> <p> <strong>Output:</strong> </p> <table class="table"> <tr> <td>id</td> </tr> <tr> <td>9</td> </tr> <tr> <td>12</td> </tr> <tr> <td>14</td> </tr> </table> <h2>Delete Duplicate Records in Oracle</h2> <p>When we found the duplicate records in the table, we had to delete the unwanted copies to keep our data clean and unique. If a table has duplicate rows, we can delete it by using the <strong>DELETE</strong> statement.</p> <p>In the case, we have a column, which is not the part of <strong>group</strong> used to <strong>evaluate</strong> the <strong>duplicate</strong> records in the table.</p> <p>Consider the table given below:</p> <table class="table"> <tr> <td>VEGETABLE_ID</td> <td>VEGETABLE_NAME</td> <td>COLOR</td> </tr> <tr> <td>01</td> <td>Potato</td> <td>Brown</td> </tr> <tr> <td>02</td> <td>Potato</td> <td>Brown</td> </tr> <tr> <td>03</td> <td>Onion</td> <td>Red</td> </tr> <tr> <td>04</td> <td>Onion</td> <td>Red</td> </tr> <tr> <td>05</td> <td>Onion</td> <td>Red</td> </tr> <tr> <td>06</td> <td>Pumpkin</td> <td>Green</td> </tr> <tr> <td>07</td> <td>Pumpkin</td> <td>Yellow</td> </tr> </table> <br> <pre> -- create the vegetable table CREATE TABLE vegetables ( VEGETABLE_ID NUMBER generated BY DEFAULT AS ID ENTITY, VEGETABLE_NAME VARCHAR2(100), color VARCHAR2(20), PRIMARY KEY (VEGETABLE_ID) ); </pre> <br> <pre> -- insert sample rows INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_NAME,color) VALUES(&apos;Potato&apos;,&apos;Brown&apos;); INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_NAME,color) VALUES(&apos;Potato&apos;,&apos;Brown&apos;); INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_NAME,color) VALUES(&apos;Onion&apos;,&apos;Red&apos;); INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_NAME,color) VALUES(&apos;Onion&apos;,&apos;Red&apos;); INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_NAME,color) VALUES(&apos;Onion&apos;,&apos;Red&apos;); INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_NAME,color) VALUES(&apos;Pumpkin&apos;,&apos;Green&apos;); INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_NAME,color) VALUES(&apos;Pumpkin&apos;,&apos;Yellow&apos;); </pre> <br> <pre> -- query data from the vegetable table SELECT * FROM vegetables; </pre> <p>Suppose, we want to keep the row with the highest <strong>VEGETABLE_ID</strong> and delete all other copies.</p> <pre> SELECT MAX (VEGETABLE_ID) FROM vegetables GROUP BY VEGETABLE_NAME, color ORDER BY MAX(VEGETABLE_ID); </pre> <br> <table class="table"> <tr> <td>MAX(VEGETABLE_ID)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>2</td> </tr> <tr> <td>5</td> </tr> <tr> <td>6</td> </tr> <tr> <td>7</td> </tr> </table> <p>We use the <strong>DELETE</strong> statement to delete the rows whose values in the <strong>VEGETABLE_ID COLUMN</strong> are not the <strong>highest</strong> .</p> <pre> DELETE FROM vegetables WHERE VEGETABLE_IDNOTIN ( SELECT MAX(VEGETABLE_ID) FROM vegetables GROUP BY VEGETABLE_NAME, color ); </pre> <p>Three rows have been deleted.</p> <pre> SELECT *FROM vegetables; </pre> <br> <table class="table"> <tr> <td>VEGETABLE_ID</td> <td>VEGETABLE_NAME</td> <td>COLOR</td> </tr> <tr> <td> <strong>02</strong> </td> <td>Potato</td> <td>Brown</td> </tr> <tr> <td> <strong>05</strong> </td> <td>Onion</td> <td>Red</td> </tr> <tr> <td> <strong>06</strong> </td> <td>Pumpkin</td> <td>Green</td> </tr> <tr> <td> <strong>07</strong> </td> <td><pumpkin td> <td>Yellow</td> </pumpkin></td></tr> </table> <p>If we want to keep the row with the lowest id, use the <strong>MIN()</strong> function instead of the <strong>MAX()</strong> function.</p> <pre> DELETE FROM vegetables WHERE VEGETABLE_IDNOTIN ( SELECT MIN(VEGETABLE_ID) FROM vegetables GROUP BY VEGETABLE_NAME, color ); </pre> <p>The above method works if we have a column that is not part of the group for evaluating duplicate. If all values in the columns have copies, then we cannot use the <strong>VEGETABLE_ID</strong> column.</p> <p>Let&apos;s drop and create the <strong>vegetable</strong> table with a new structure.</p> <pre> DROP TABLE vegetables; CREATE TABLE vegetables ( VEGETABLE_ID NUMBER, VEGETABLE_NAME VARCHAR2(100), Color VARCHAR2(20) ); </pre> <br> <pre> INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_ID,VEGETABLE_NAME,color) VALUES(1,&apos;Potato&apos;,&apos;Brown&apos;); INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_ID,VEGETABLE_NAME,color) VALUES(1, &apos;Potato&apos;,&apos;Brown&apos;); INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_ID,VEGETABLE_NAME,color)VALUES(2,&apos;Onion&apos;,&apos;Red&apos;); INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_ID,VEGETABLE_NAME,color)VALUES(2,&apos;Onion&apos;,&apos;Red&apos;); INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_ID,VEGETABLE_NAME,color) VALUES(2,&apos;Onion&apos;,&apos;Red&apos;); INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_ID,VEGETABLE_NAME,color) VALUES(3,&apos;Pumpkin&apos;,&apos;Green&apos;); INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_ID,VEGETABLE_NAME,color) VALUES(&apos;4,Pumpkin&apos;,&apos;Yellow&apos;); SELECT * FROM vegetables; </pre> <br> <table class="table"> <tr> <td>VEGETABLE_ID</td> <td>VEGETABLE_NAME</td> <td>COLOR</td> </tr> <tr> <td>01</td> <td>Potato</td> <td>Brown</td> </tr> <tr> <td>01</td> <td>Potato</td> <td>Brown</td> </tr> <tr> <td>02</td> <td>Onion</td> <td>Red</td> </tr> <tr> <td>02</td> <td>Onion</td> <td>Red</td> </tr> <tr> <td>02</td> <td>Onion</td> <td>Red</td> </tr> <tr> <td>03</td> <td>Pumpkin</td> <td>Green</td> </tr> <tr> <td>04</td> <td>Pumpkin</td> <td>Yellow</td> </tr> </table> <p>In the vegetable table, the values in all columns <strong>VEGETABLE_ID, VEGETABLE_NAME</strong> , and color have been copied.</p> <p>We can use the <strong>rowid</strong> , a locator that specifies where Oracle stores the row. Because the <strong>rowid</strong> is unique so that we can use it to remove the duplicates rows.</p> <pre> DELETE FROM Vegetables WHERE rowed NOT IN ( SELECT MIN(rowid) FROM vegetables GROUP BY VEGETABLE_ID, VEGETABLE_NAME, color ); </pre> <p>The query verifies the deletion operation:</p> <pre> SELECT * FROM vegetables; </pre> <br> <table class="table"> <tr> <td>VEGETABLE_ID</td> <td>VEGETABLE_NAME</td> <td>COLOR</td> </tr> <tr> <td>01</td> <td>Potato</td> <td>Brown</td> </tr> <tr> <td>02</td> <td>Onion</td> <td>Red</td> </tr> <tr> <td>03</td> <td>Pumpkin</td> <td>Green</td> </tr> <tr> <td>04</td> <td>Pumpkin</td> <td>Yellow</td> </tr> </table> <hr></t2.id>

Trys eilutės buvo ištrintos. Vykdome toliau pateiktą užklausą, kad surastume pasikartojančius el nuo stalo.

 SELECT email, COUNT (email) FROM contacts GROUP BY email HAVING COUNT (email) > 1; 

Užklausa grąžina tuščią rinkinį. Norėdami patikrinti duomenis iš kontaktų lentelės, vykdykite šią SQL užklausą:

 SELECT * FROM contacts; 

Eilės ID 9, 12 ir 14 buvo ištrinti. Norėdami ištrinti pasikartojančias eilutes, naudojame toliau pateiktą teiginį:

Vykdykite scenarijų, skirtą kuriant kontaktą.

 DELETE c1 FROM contacts c1 INNERJ OIN contacts c2 WHERE c1.id > c2.id AND c1.email = c2.email; 

(B) Ištrinkite pasikartojančias eilutes naudodami tarpinę lentelę

Norėdami ištrinti pasikartojančią eilutę naudodami tarpinę lentelę, atlikite toliau nurodytus veiksmus.

1 žingsnis . Sukurkite naują lentelę struktūra , tokia pati kaip tikroji lentelė:

101 mln

 CREATE TABLE source_copy LIKE source; 

2 žingsnis . Įterpkite skirtingas eilutes iš pradinio duomenų bazės tvarkaraščio:

 INSERT INTO source_copy SELECT * FROM source GROUP BY col; 

3 veiksmas . Nuleiskite pirminę lentelę ir pervardykite tiesioginę lentelę į pradinę.

 DROP TABLE source; ALTER TABLE source_copy RENAME TO source; 

Pavyzdžiui, šie teiginiai ištrina eilučių su dublikatas laiškai iš kontaktų lentelės:

dvejetainis paieškos medis

 -- step 1 CREATE TABLE contacts_temp LIKE contacts; -- step 2 INSERT INTO contacts_temp SELECT * FROM contacts GROUP BY email; -- step 3 DROP TABLE contacts; ALTER TABLE contacts_temp RENAME TO contacts; 

(C) Ištrinkite pasikartojančias eilutes naudodami funkciją ROW_NUMBER().

Pastaba: funkcija ROW_NUMBER() palaikoma nuo 8.02 MySQL versijos, todėl prieš naudodami funkciją turėtume patikrinti savo MySQL versiją.

Šiame teiginyje naudojamas ROW_NUMBER () kiekvienai eilutei priskirti nuoseklųjį sveikąjį skaičių. Jei el. laiškas pasikartoja, eilutė bus didesnė nei viena.

 SELECT id, email, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY email ORDER BY email ) AS row_num FROM contacts; 

Grąžinama ši SQL užklausa ID sąrašas iš pasikartojančių eilučių:

 SELECT id FROM (SELECT id, ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( PARTITION BY email ORDER BY email) AS row_num FROM contacts ) t WHERE row_num> 1; 

Išvestis:

Ištrinkite pasikartojančius įrašus „Oracle“.

Kai lentelėje radome pasikartojančius įrašus, turėjome ištrinti nepageidaujamas kopijas, kad mūsų duomenys būtų švarūs ir unikalūs. Jei lentelėje yra pasikartojančių eilučių, galime ją ištrinti naudodami IŠTRINTI pareiškimas.

Šiuo atveju turime stulpelį, kuris nėra jo dalis grupė įpratęs įvertinti į dublikatas įrašai lentelėje.

Apsvarstykite toliau pateiktą lentelę:

 -- create the vegetable table CREATE TABLE vegetables ( VEGETABLE_ID NUMBER generated BY DEFAULT AS ID ENTITY, VEGETABLE_NAME VARCHAR2(100), color VARCHAR2(20), PRIMARY KEY (VEGETABLE_ID) ); 

 -- insert sample rows INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_NAME,color) VALUES('Potato','Brown'); INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_NAME,color) VALUES('Potato','Brown'); INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_NAME,color) VALUES('Onion','Red'); INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_NAME,color) VALUES('Onion','Red'); INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_NAME,color) VALUES('Onion','Red'); INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_NAME,color) VALUES('Pumpkin','Green'); INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_NAME,color) VALUES('Pumpkin','Yellow'); 

 -- query data from the vegetable table SELECT * FROM vegetables; 

Tarkime, mes norime išlaikyti eilutę su aukščiausia VEGETABLE_ID ir ištrinkite visas kitas kopijas.

 SELECT MAX (VEGETABLE_ID) FROM vegetables GROUP BY VEGETABLE_NAME, color ORDER BY MAX(VEGETABLE_ID); 

Mes naudojame IŠTRINTI pareiškimas, skirtas ištrinti eilutes, kurių reikšmės yra VEGETABLE_ID Stulpelis nėra aukščiausias .

maven saugykla

 DELETE FROM vegetables WHERE VEGETABLE_IDNOTIN ( SELECT MAX(VEGETABLE_ID) FROM vegetables GROUP BY VEGETABLE_NAME, color ); 

Trys eilutės buvo ištrintos.

 SELECT *FROM vegetables; 

Jei norime išlaikyti eilutę su mažiausiu ID, naudokite MIN() funkcija vietoj MAX() funkcija.

 DELETE FROM vegetables WHERE VEGETABLE_IDNOTIN ( SELECT MIN(VEGETABLE_ID) FROM vegetables GROUP BY VEGETABLE_NAME, color ); 

Aukščiau pateiktas metodas veikia, jei turime stulpelį, kuris nėra dublikato vertinimo grupės dalis. Jei visos stulpeliuose esančios reikšmės turi kopijų, negalime naudoti VEGETABLE_ID stulpelyje.

Numeskime ir sukurkime daržovių lentelė su nauja struktūra.

 DROP TABLE vegetables; CREATE TABLE vegetables ( VEGETABLE_ID NUMBER, VEGETABLE_NAME VARCHAR2(100), Color VARCHAR2(20) ); 

 INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_ID,VEGETABLE_NAME,color) VALUES(1,'Potato','Brown'); INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_ID,VEGETABLE_NAME,color) VALUES(1, 'Potato','Brown'); INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_ID,VEGETABLE_NAME,color)VALUES(2,'Onion','Red'); INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_ID,VEGETABLE_NAME,color)VALUES(2,'Onion','Red'); INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_ID,VEGETABLE_NAME,color) VALUES(2,'Onion','Red'); INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_ID,VEGETABLE_NAME,color) VALUES(3,'Pumpkin','Green'); INSERT INTO vegetables (VEGETABLE_ID,VEGETABLE_NAME,color) VALUES('4,Pumpkin','Yellow'); SELECT * FROM vegetables; 

Daržovių lentelėje reikšmės visuose stulpeliuose VEGETABLE_ID, VEGETABLE_NAME , ir spalva buvo nukopijuota.

Mes galime naudoti žiaurus , ieškiklis, nurodantis, kur „Oracle“ saugo eilutę. Nes žiaurus yra unikalus, todėl galime jį naudoti norėdami pašalinti pasikartojančias eilutes.

 DELETE FROM Vegetables WHERE rowed NOT IN ( SELECT MIN(rowid) FROM vegetables GROUP BY VEGETABLE_ID, VEGETABLE_NAME, color ); 

Užklausa patvirtina ištrynimo operaciją:

 SELECT * FROM vegetables;